{"id":1545,"date":"2025-01-15T09:34:25","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T14:34:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/?p=1545"},"modified":"2025-01-15T09:37:22","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T14:37:22","slug":"sonometre-a-led","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/15\/sonometre-a-led\/","title":{"rendered":"Sonom\u00e8tre \u00e0 LED"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Le <strong>sonom\u00e8tre \u00e0 LED<\/strong> est un dispositif \u00e9lectronique permettant de mesurer le niveau sonore ambiant et d&rsquo;afficher son intensit\u00e9 de mani\u00e8re visuelle gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une s\u00e9rie de LEDs. Con\u00e7u avec un microphone, un amplificateur audio, un microcontr\u00f4leur Arduino, et un registre \u00e0 d\u00e9calage <strong>SN74HC595<\/strong>, ce projet allie simplicit\u00e9 et efficacit\u00e9 pour fournir une repr\u00e9sentation intuitive du niveau sonore.<br>Ce type de syst\u00e8me est particuli\u00e8rement utile pour des environnements o\u00f9 la pollution sonore doit \u00eatre surveill\u00e9e, comme les salles de classe, les usines ou les espaces publics. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 son affichage lumineux, les utilisateurs peuvent rapidement identifier si le bruit d\u00e9passe un seuil acceptable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Composant utilis\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>3 LEDs vertes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 Registre \u00e0 d\u00e9calage 74HC5951 <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Carte Arduino UNO<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3 LEDs rouges<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>8 R\u00e9sistances de 330 ohms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2 LEDs bleues<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 Amplificateur MAX9814<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Photo du circuit<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voici \u00e0 quoi ressemble le circuit assembl\u00e9 sur une <strong>breadboard<\/strong> (Plaquette de montage).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"765\" data-id=\"1610\" src=\"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Circuit_Assemble-1024x765.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1610\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Circuit_Assemble-1024x765.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Circuit_Assemble-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Circuit_Assemble-768x574.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Circuit_Assemble.jpg 1125w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette photo est une vue d\u00e9taill\u00e9e des composants : microphone, amplificateur, LEDs et registre <strong>SN74HC595<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voici une photo du sch\u00e9ma qu&rsquo;il faudrait suivre afin d&rsquo;obtenir le m\u00eame r\u00e9sultat :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"919\" data-id=\"1612\" src=\"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Assemblage_Circuit-2-1024x919.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1612\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Assemblage_Circuit-2-1024x919.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Assemblage_Circuit-2-300x269.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Assemblage_Circuit-2-768x690.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Assemblage_Circuit-2-1536x1379.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Assemblage_Circuit-2.jpg 1860w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vid\u00e9o du produit en utilisation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voici une vid\u00e9o qui d\u00e9montre l&rsquo;utilisation du produit :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"1080\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1920 \/ 1080;\" width=\"1920\" controls src=\"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Sonometre-3.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Description du fonctionnement du projet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le <strong>sonom\u00e8tre \u00e0 LED<\/strong> fonctionne en captant les sons ambiants gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un <strong>microphone \u00e9lectret<\/strong> qui convertit les variations de pression acoustique en un signal \u00e9lectrique analogique. Ce signal est amplifi\u00e9 par un <strong>MAX9814<\/strong> pour le rendre exploitable, puis envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 une <strong>entr\u00e9e analogique<\/strong> d\u2019un microcontr\u00f4leur comme l\u2019<strong>Arduino<\/strong>. Le microcontr\u00f4leur utilise son <strong>convertisseur analogique-num\u00e9rique (ADC)<\/strong> pour transformer ce signal en une valeur num\u00e9rique et la compare \u00e0 des <strong>seuils pr\u00e9d\u00e9finis<\/strong> correspondant \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents niveaux sonores. En fonction de ces seuils, un certain nombre de <strong>LEDs<\/strong> s\u2019allument, formant une <strong>barre lumineuse<\/strong> intuitive o\u00f9 le nombre de LEDs allum\u00e9es augmente avec l\u2019intensit\u00e9 sonore. Le <strong>SN74HC595<\/strong>, un registre \u00e0 d\u00e9calage, est utilis\u00e9 pour contr\u00f4ler efficacement les LEDs tout en \u00e9conomisant les broches d\u2019E\/S du microcontr\u00f4leur. Ce processus permet d\u2019afficher visuellement le niveau sonore, facilitant ainsi l\u2019identification rapide des environnements bruyants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Code Arduino<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">const int micPin = A0; \/\/ Pin A0 est utilis\u00e9 pour l&rsquo;entr\u00e9e du microphone<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">int sample; \/\/ Variable pour stocker l&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon sonore actuel<br>int maxVal = 0; \/\/ Variable pour suivre le niveau sonore maximum d\u00e9tect\u00e9<br>int minVal = 1023; \/\/ Variable pour suivre le niveau sonore minimum d\u00e9tect\u00e9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/\/ Pins pour le registre \u00e0 d\u00e9calage (74HC595)<br>int LatchPin = 3; \/\/ Pin 3 connect\u00e9 au LatchPin (ST_CP) du 74HC595<br>int ClockPin = 5; \/\/ Pin 5 connect\u00e9 au ClockPin (SH_CP) du 74HC595<br>int DataPin = 2; \/\/ Pin 2 connect\u00e9 au DataPin (DS) du 74HC595<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/\/ Mod\u00e8les binaires pour les LEDs, repr\u00e9sentant diff\u00e9rents niveaux sonores<br>byte LEDs0 = 0b10000000; \/\/ Mod\u00e8le pour le niveau sonore le plus bas<br>byte LEDs1 = 0b10000001;<br>byte LEDs2 = 0b10000011;<br>byte LEDs3 = 0b10000111;<br>byte LEDs4 = 0b10001111;<br>byte LEDs5 = 0b10011111;<br>byte LEDs6 = 0b10111111;<br>byte LEDs7 = 0b11111111; \/\/ Mod\u00e8le pour le niveau sonore le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">void setup() {<br>\/\/ Configuration des pins du registre \u00e0 d\u00e9calage en sortie<br>pinMode(LatchPin, OUTPUT);<br>pinMode(ClockPin, OUTPUT);<br>pinMode(DataPin, OUTPUT);<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/\/ Configuration de la pin du microphone en entr\u00e9e<br>pinMode(micPin, INPUT);<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/\/ D\u00e9marrage de la communication s\u00e9rie pour le d\u00e9bogage (optionnel)<br>Serial.begin(9600);<br>}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">void loop() {<br>\/\/ Traitement des donn\u00e9es du microphone pour d\u00e9terminer la valeur cr\u00eate-\u00e0-cr\u00eate (peak-to-peak)<br>for (int i = 0; i &lt; 100; i++) { \/\/ Prendre 100 \u00e9chantillons pour calculer l&rsquo;\u00e9cart des niveaux sonores sample = analogRead(micPin); \/\/ Lire le niveau sonore actuel du microphone if (sample &gt; maxVal) { \/\/ Mettre \u00e0 jour maxVal si l&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon est plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<br>maxVal = sample;<br>}<br>if (sample &lt; minVal) { \/\/ Mettre \u00e0 jour minVal si l&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon est plus faible<br>minVal = sample;<br>}<br>}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">int peakToPeak = maxVal &#8211; minVal; \/\/ Calculer la valeur cr\u00eate-\u00e0-cr\u00eate<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/\/ Convertir la valeur cr\u00eate-\u00e0-cr\u00eate en niveau de tension (0-5V)<br>float voltage = (peakToPeak * 5.0) \/ 1023.0;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/\/ Pr\u00e9paration pour l&rsquo;envoi des donn\u00e9es au registre \u00e0 d\u00e9calage<br>digitalWrite(LatchPin, LOW); \/\/ Mettre le latch \u00e0 LOW pour pr\u00e9parer l&rsquo;envoi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/\/ D\u00e9terminer quel mod\u00e8le de LEDs afficher selon le niveau de tension<br>if(voltage &gt; 2.4){ \/\/ Niveau sonore le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<br>shiftOut(DataPin, ClockPin, LSBFIRST, LEDs7); \/\/ Envoyer le mod\u00e8le correspondant<br>digitalWrite(LatchPin, HIGH); \/\/ Mettre \u00e0 jour les LEDs<br>}<br>else if(voltage &gt; 2.1){ \/\/ Deuxi\u00e8me niveau sonore le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<br>shiftOut(DataPin, ClockPin, LSBFIRST, LEDs6);<br>digitalWrite(LatchPin, HIGH);<br>}<br>else if(voltage &gt; 1.8){ \/\/ Troisi\u00e8me niveau sonore<br>shiftOut(DataPin, ClockPin, LSBFIRST, LEDs5);<br>digitalWrite(LatchPin, HIGH);<br>}<br>else if(voltage &gt; 1.5){ \/\/ Niveau sonore moyen \u00e9lev\u00e9<br>shiftOut(DataPin, ClockPin, LSBFIRST, LEDs4);<br>digitalWrite(LatchPin, HIGH);<br>}<br>else if(voltage &gt; 1.2){ \/\/ Niveau sonore moyen<br>shiftOut(DataPin, ClockPin, LSBFIRST, LEDs3);<br>digitalWrite(LatchPin, HIGH);<br>}<br>else if(voltage &gt; 0.9){ \/\/ Niveau sonore moyen-bas<br>shiftOut(DataPin, ClockPin, LSBFIRST, LEDs2);<br>digitalWrite(LatchPin, HIGH);<br>}<br>else if(voltage &gt; 0.6){ \/\/ Niveau sonore bas<br>shiftOut(DataPin, ClockPin, LSBFIRST, LEDs1);<br>digitalWrite(LatchPin, HIGH);<br>}<br>else if(voltage &gt; 0.0){ \/\/ Niveau sonore le plus bas<br>shiftOut(DataPin, ClockPin, LSBFIRST, LEDs0);<br>digitalWrite(LatchPin, HIGH);<br>}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/\/ R\u00e9initialiser maxVal et minVal pour les prochains \u00e9chantillons<br>maxVal = 0;<br>minVal = 1023;<br>}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Documentation et r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-6fb5065d-2e31-41a3-ab92-2590fb97ce0e\" href=\"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Assemblage_Circuit-4.jpg\">Assemblage_Circuit<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Assemblage_Circuit-4.jpg\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-6fb5065d-2e31-41a3-ab92-2590fb97ce0e\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/projecthub.arduino.cc\/greenvariable\/hear-the-light-led-sound-level-meter-7d3ca6\">https:\/\/projecthub.arduino.cc\/greenvariable\/hear-the-light-led-sound-level-meter-7d3ca6<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le sonom\u00e8tre \u00e0 LED est un dispositif \u00e9lectronique permettant de mesurer le niveau sonore ambiant et d&rsquo;afficher son intensit\u00e9 de mani\u00e8re visuelle gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une s\u00e9rie de LEDs. Con\u00e7u avec un microphone, un amplificateur audio, un microcontr\u00f4leur Arduino, et un registre \u00e0 d\u00e9calage SN74HC595, ce projet allie simplicit\u00e9 et efficacit\u00e9 pour fournir une repr\u00e9sentation intuitive&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3884,"featured_media":1610,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[64,6],"tags":[73,70,12],"ppma_author":[124],"class_list":["post-1545","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-projet-etudiant","category-projets","tag-arduino","tag-circuit","tag-programmation"],"authors":[{"term_id":124,"user_id":3884,"is_guest":0,"slug":"ramzy","display_name":"Ramzy","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3c476402aefcc701705919cb30561d7cb65a6ac5eb4c8812b8c031a15729c8ad?s=96&d=mm&r=g","0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1545","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3884"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1545"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1545\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1626,"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1545\/revisions\/1626"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1545"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1545"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1545"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tgemaisonneuve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=1545"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}